v1.1.1: omit empty inputSchema.properties at registration

Same json.lua empty-table → [] gotcha that bit `ping` in v1.0.0-rc1
(project_json_empty_table_gotcha memory) bit again — this time on
tool inputSchemas with `properties = {}`. Symptom: spec-strict MCP
clients (Zod et al.) reject tools/list with:

  expected: record, code: invalid_type,
  path: [tools, N, inputSchema, properties],
  message: "Invalid input: expected record, received array"

Fix: in `lmcp:tool()`, normalise the registered inputSchema —
when `properties` is an empty Lua table, drop the key entirely.
JSON Schema permits omitting `properties` on `type: "object"`
(means "any object, no constraints" — exactly what a no-arg tool
wants).

Clone-before-mutate so the caller's table isn't trampled (matters
when a server author shares one schema across multiple
registrations).

Smoke tested locally with 3 tools (empty, default-nil, populated):
- `properties = {}` → emitted as `{"type":"object"}`
- nil schema → same default, same output
- populated properties → emitted intact with full shape

Discovered against hertz-tools live (lxc_list, network_status had
`properties = {}` — hertz hotfixed by hand before this commit;
this protects every future tool author from the same trap).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Generated by windows/sync.sh — see windows/README.md
+windows/pkg/lmcp.lua
+windows/pkg/server.lua
+windows/pkg/json.lua
+
+# Bundled Lua + LuaSocket runtime for the Windows MSI; downloaded
+# separately, not in git.
+windows/pkg/lua/
+
+# Editor / OS noise
+*.swp
+*.swo
+.DS_Store

lmcp.lua

@@ -7,6 +7,22 @@ local json = require('json')
 local lmcp = {}
 lmcp.__index = lmcp
 
+-- Module-level coroutine→ctx registry (issue #11). Weak keys so
+-- coroutines that die without explicit cleanup get GC'd out.
+-- Each ctx table carries a `server` back-reference, so any code with
+-- a coroutine handle can find both ctx and its owning lmcp instance.
+local _ctx_by_co = setmetatable({}, { __mode = "k" })
+
+-- server.lua and any other library code can call lmcp.current_ctx() to
+-- access the ctx of the currently-running dispatch coroutine. Returns
+-- nil outside coroutine context. Used by server.lua:run() to do
+-- transparent auto-cancellation of long-running shell-out polls.
+function lmcp.current_ctx()
+    local co = coroutine.running()
+    if co == nil then return nil end
+    return _ctx_by_co[co]
+end
+
 -- Read auth token from config file if present
 local function read_conf(path)
     local conf = {}
@@ -69,6 +85,16 @@ function lmcp.new(name, opts)
     -- server calls `:roots(session_id, ...)`; invalidated when the client
     -- sends notifications/roots/list_changed.
     self._roots_cache = {}
+    -- Pending handler coroutines (issue #20 — concurrent dispatch).
+    -- Each entry: { co, conn, wake_at, finalise }. The scheduler tick
+    -- resumes any whose wake_at has passed and runs `finalise` on the
+    -- coroutine's return value to build the deferred response.
+    self._pending_handlers = {}
+    -- Cancellation flags (issue #11). Keyed by stringified JSON-RPC
+    -- request id. Only ever holds in-flight ids — see the
+    -- notifications/cancelled handler in handle_request which checks
+    -- for in-flight before inserting. Cleared by _finalise_dispatch.
+    self._cancelled_ids = {}
     -- Notification queue: drained by Streamable HTTP transport (issue #16).
     -- Today delivery is a no-op; we still enqueue so the emission code
     -- path is exercised. Capped + deduped to keep the queue useful.
@@ -137,10 +163,29 @@ end
 --     structuredContent (issue #13; spec-strict clients get first-class
 --     structured access)
 function lmcp:tool(name, description, params_schema, handler, opts)
+    -- Normalise empty inputSchema.properties → nil. JSON Schema allows
+    -- omitting `properties` on a `type: "object"` schema (means "any
+    -- object, no constraints"). Without this, an empty Lua properties
+    -- table goes through json.lua's is_array → emitted as `[]` →
+    -- spec-strict clients (Zod et al.) reject with
+    -- `expected: record, received: array`. The same gotcha already
+    -- bit `ping` in v1.0.0-rc1 (project_json_empty_table_gotcha
+    -- memory). v1.1.1 fix.
+    local schema = params_schema or { type = "object" }
+    if type(schema.properties) == "table" and next(schema.properties) == nil then
+        -- Clone the schema and drop the empty `properties` key. Avoids
+        -- mutating the caller's table (in case they re-use it across
+        -- registrations).
+        local clean = {}
+        for k, v in pairs(schema) do
+            if k ~= "properties" then clean[k] = v end
+        end
+        schema = clean
+    end
     self.tools[name] = {
         name = name,
         description = description,
-        inputSchema = params_schema or { type = "object", properties = {} },
+        inputSchema = schema,
         handler = handler,
         annotations  = opts and opts.annotations  or nil,
         outputSchema = opts and opts.outputSchema or nil,
@@ -413,9 +458,28 @@ function lmcp:handle_request(req)
         if method == "notifications/roots/list_changed" then
             -- Invalidate cached roots for the session that sent this.
             if req._session_id then self._roots_cache[req._session_id] = nil end
+        elseif method == "notifications/cancelled" then
+            -- Issue #11 — flip cancel flag for the named request id,
+            -- but ONLY if the request is actually in-flight. Cancels
+            -- for unknown/already-completed ids drop silently (per Phase
+            -- 5 review fix #2 — prevents unbounded map growth).
+            local rid = (req.params or {}).requestId
+            if rid ~= nil then
+                local rid_str = tostring(rid)
+                local in_flight = false
+                -- Scan _ctx_by_co for a matching live request.
+                for _, c in pairs(_ctx_by_co) do
+                    if c.request_id ~= nil
+                       and tostring(c.request_id) == rid_str then
+                        in_flight = true; break
+                    end
+                end
+                if in_flight then
+                    self._cancelled_ids[rid_str] = true
+                end
+            end
         end
-        -- (Other client→server notifications: cancelled, message — no
-        -- action today; add side-effects here as needed.)
+        -- (Other client→server notifications drop silently.)
         return nil
     end
 
@@ -484,15 +548,59 @@ function lmcp:handle_request(req)
         if not tool then
             return jsonrpc_error(id, -32601, "Tool not found: " .. tostring(tool_name))
         end
-        -- ctx exposes the request's _meta (issue #13) and the session_id
-        -- (issue #9 — so handlers can call self:sample(ctx.session_id, …)).
-        -- Handlers that don't declare a second parameter ignore it (Lua
-        -- call discards extras).
-        local ctx = {
+        -- ctx exposes the request's _meta (issue #13), the session_id
+        -- (issue #9 — handlers can call self:sample(ctx.session_id, …)),
+        -- progress() and cancelled() (issue #11), and a `server` back-ref
+        -- (so lmcp.current_ctx() can find the right server instance
+        -- without a singleton). Handlers that don't declare a second
+        -- parameter ignore it (Lua call discards extras).
+        local rid_str = tostring(id)
+        local ptoken = (params._meta or {}).progressToken  -- nil if absent
+        local ctx
+        ctx = {
             _meta = params._meta,
             request_id = id,
             session_id = req._session_id,
+            server = self,
+            -- progress(p, total?, message?): emits notifications/progress
+            -- on session's notify_q. No-op if client didn't supply a
+            -- progressToken. Type-checks; rejects non-numeric progress.
+            progress = function(p, total, message)
+                if ptoken == nil then return false end
+                if type(p) ~= "number" then return false end
+                if total ~= nil and type(total) ~= "number" then return false end
+                local sess = self._sessions[req._session_id]
+                if not sess then return false end
+                local np = { progressToken = ptoken, progress = p }
+                if total   ~= nil then np.total   = total end
+                if message ~= nil then np.message = tostring(message) end
+                sess.notify_q[#sess.notify_q + 1] = {
+                    jsonrpc = JSONRPC, method = "notifications/progress",
+                    params = np,
+                }
+                return true
+            end,
+            -- cancelled(): true if a notifications/cancelled for this
+            -- request id has been received.
+            cancelled = function()
+                return self._cancelled_ids[rid_str] == true
+            end,
         }
+
+        -- Register on the currently-running coroutine so lmcp.current_ctx()
+        -- (and thus server.lua:run()'s auto-cancel) can find this ctx.
+        -- Pure-Lua handlers also get this registration; harmless.
+        local co = coroutine.running()
+        if co ~= nil then _ctx_by_co[co] = ctx end
+
+        -- Pre-handler cancellation short-circuit (Phase 5 review fix #9).
+        -- If a notifications/cancelled landed for this id before dispatch
+        -- reached here, skip the handler entirely. _finalise_dispatch
+        -- will see `not result` and suppress the response.
+        if self._cancelled_ids[rid_str] then
+            return nil
+        end
+
         local ok, result = pcall(tool.handler, arguments, ctx)
         if ok then
             local resp = { isError = false }
@@ -887,6 +995,10 @@ end
 
 -- ---- Dispatch a fully-parsed POST body ----
 
+-- Forward declarations: used by _dispatch_post, defined below.
+local _drive_handler_co
+local _finalise_dispatch
+
 local function _dispatch_post(self, conn)
     local body = conn.body
     if body == "" then
@@ -942,28 +1054,112 @@ local function _dispatch_post(self, conn)
     -- expose it to handler ctx (issue #9 — sampling needs to know which
     -- session to push the request onto).
     rpc_req._session_id = sess.id
+    -- Stash the JSON-RPC id on the conn so _finalise_dispatch can clear
+    -- the cancellation flag for this request after building the response
+    -- (issue #11). Notifications have nil id; that's fine — the
+    -- nil-guard in _finalise_dispatch keeps tostring(nil) out of the
+    -- cancel map.
+    conn.dispatch_id = rpc_req.id
 
-    -- Normal client request / notification. Dispatch via handle_request.
-    local response = self:handle_request(rpc_req)
-    if not response then
+    -- Concurrent handler dispatch (issue #20). Wrap the dispatch call in
+    -- a coroutine so any tool handler that goes through server.lua:run()
+    -- (which yields when polling its sentinel file) can return control to
+    -- the event loop while it waits. Other connections continue making
+    -- progress.
+    --
+    -- The coroutine resumes itself synchronously the first time. If it
+    -- completes without yielding (pure-Lua handlers, ping, etc.) the
+    -- response is built inline as before. If it yields, we park it in
+    -- self._pending_handlers and return nil — the conn enters
+    -- dispatching_async, the scheduler tick resumes when wake_at passes.
+    local co = coroutine.create(function()
+        return self:handle_request(rpc_req)
+    end)
+    return _drive_handler_co(self, conn, co)
+end
+
+-- Resume a handler coroutine until it completes or yields. On completion,
+-- build the deferred HTTP response (preserving the Accept-aware shape).
+-- On yield, register in self._pending_handlers and return nil — the conn
+-- is parked in dispatching_async until the scheduler resumes it.
+_drive_handler_co = function(self, conn, co)
+    local rok, ryield = coroutine.resume(co)
+    if coroutine.status(co) == "dead" then
+        return _finalise_dispatch(self, conn, rok, ryield, co)
+    end
+    -- Suspended. Parse the yield payload.
+    local wake_at = (type(ryield) == "table" and ryield.wake_at) or 0
+    self._pending_handlers[#self._pending_handlers + 1] = {
+        co = co, conn = conn, wake_at = wake_at,
+    }
+    conn.state = "dispatching_async"
+    return nil  -- no write_buf change; conn parks
+end
+
+-- Build the HTTP response for a completed dispatch. `rok` is the coroutine.resume
+-- success flag; `result` is the handler/dispatch return (a JSON-RPC string when
+-- rok=true; an error message when rok=false). Used by both the sync path
+-- (_dispatch_post tail) and the async resume path (_scheduler_tick).
+-- Also: clears cancellation flag and ctx-by-co registry entry for this
+-- request (issue #11 — single cleanup site per Phase 5 review fix #7).
+_finalise_dispatch = function(self, conn, rok, result, co)
+    local session_id = conn.session_id
+
+    -- Cleanup (always): drop the coroutine's ctx entry and any
+    -- cancellation flag for this request id.
+    if co ~= nil then _ctx_by_co[co] = nil end
+    local rid = conn.dispatch_id
+    local was_cancelled = false
+    if rid ~= nil then
+        local rid_str = tostring(rid)
+        if self._cancelled_ids[rid_str] then
+            was_cancelled = true
+            self._cancelled_ids[rid_str] = nil
+        end
+    end
+    -- Issue #11: cancelled requests get a -32800 JSON-RPC error response.
+    -- The MCP spec wording is "SHOULD NOT respond" (not MUST NOT). A silent
+    -- TCP-close would be cleaner but the spawned shell subprocess in
+    -- server.lua:run() inherits the socket FD via fork(), so the kernel
+    -- keeps the connection alive until that shell exits (i.e. the
+    -- underlying long-running command completes anyway). The error
+    -- response gives the client a structured signal and exits curl
+    -- immediately, which is the practical UX they want. JSON-RPC 2.0
+    -- code -32800 is the convention for "Request cancelled."
+    if was_cancelled then
+        return _build_http_response("200 OK",
+            { ["Content-Type"] = "application/json",
+              ["Access-Control-Allow-Origin"] = "*" },
+            jsonrpc_error(rid, -32800, "Request cancelled"),
+            session_id)
+    end
+
+    if not rok then
+        -- Internal dispatch error — surface as a JSON-RPC error response.
+        return _build_http_response("500 Internal Server Error",
+            { ["Content-Type"] = "application/json",
+              ["Access-Control-Allow-Origin"] = "*" },
+            jsonrpc_error(nil, -32603, "Internal error: " .. tostring(result)),
+            session_id)
+    end
+    if not result then
         -- Notification → 202 Accepted, no body.
         return _build_http_response("202 Accepted",
             { ["Content-Type"] = "application/json",
               ["Access-Control-Allow-Origin"] = "*" },
-            "", conn.session_id)
+            "", session_id)
     end
-
-    -- If client accepts SSE, respond as a single-event SSE stream.
-    -- Otherwise plain JSON body.
+    -- Accept-aware response shape (re-checked at finalise time; survives
+    -- parking because conn.headers is captured by the closure scope).
     local accept = conn.headers["accept"] or ""
     if accept:find("text/event%-stream") then
-        local hdrs = _build_sse_headers(conn.session_id)
-        return hdrs .. _sse_event(response)
+        local hdrs = _build_sse_headers(session_id)
+        return hdrs .. _sse_event(result)
     end
     return _build_http_response("200 OK",
         { ["Content-Type"] = "application/json",
           ["Access-Control-Allow-Origin"] = "*" },
-        response, conn.session_id)
+        result, session_id)
 end
 
 local function _dispatch_options(conn)
@@ -1119,8 +1315,19 @@ local function _conn_read(self, conn)
             conn.state = "sse_open"
             conn.last_heart = os.time()
         elseif conn.method == "POST" then
-            conn.write_buf = _dispatch_post(self, conn)
-            conn.state = "writing"
+            -- _dispatch_post may return nil (issue #20) if the handler
+            -- coroutine yielded. In that case it set conn.state =
+            -- "dispatching_async" itself and parked the coroutine.
+            local resp = _dispatch_post(self, conn)
+            if resp then
+                conn.write_buf = resp
+                -- _finalise_dispatch sets conn.state = "closing" for
+                -- cancelled requests (issue #11); only override if not.
+                if conn.state ~= "closing" then
+                    conn.state = "writing"
+                end
+            end
+            -- else: conn already parked; scheduler tick will finalise.
         else
             conn.write_buf = _build_http_response("405 Method Not Allowed",
                 { ["Content-Type"] = "text/plain",
@@ -1195,6 +1402,73 @@ local function _heartbeat_tick(self)
     end
 end
 
+-- Issue #20 — scheduler tick. Resume any parked dispatch coroutine whose
+-- wake_at has passed. On completion, build the deferred response and
+-- queue it for write. If the connection died while the handler was
+-- parked, drop the coroutine.
+--
+-- gettime() is wall-clock (luasocket uses gettimeofday) — NOT monotonic.
+-- A large NTP step backwards could delay resumes; forwards could bunch
+-- them. Acceptable for the deployment fleet (chrony slews); revisit if
+-- a use case appears that needs CLOCK_MONOTONIC.
+local function _scheduler_tick(self)
+    if not self._pending_handlers[1] then return end
+    local socket = require("socket")
+    local now = socket.gettime()
+    local i = 1
+    while i <= #self._pending_handlers do
+        local p = self._pending_handlers[i]
+        if p.conn.state == "closing" then
+            -- Connection died mid-handler; drop the coroutine entirely
+            -- and free its ctx entry (issue #11 cleanup discipline).
+            _ctx_by_co[p.co] = nil
+            if p.conn.dispatch_id ~= nil then
+                self._cancelled_ids[tostring(p.conn.dispatch_id)] = nil
+            end
+            table.remove(self._pending_handlers, i)
+        elseif now >= p.wake_at then
+            -- Time to resume. Remove from pending BEFORE resume so a
+            -- re-yielding handler re-adds itself cleanly via _drive_handler_co.
+            table.remove(self._pending_handlers, i)
+            local rok, ryield = coroutine.resume(p.co)
+            if coroutine.status(p.co) == "dead" then
+                local resp = _finalise_dispatch(self, p.conn, rok, ryield, p.co)
+                p.conn.write_buf = (p.conn.write_buf or "") .. resp
+                -- _finalise_dispatch may set conn.state = "closing" for
+                -- cancelled requests; only transition to writing if it
+                -- didn't already pick the closing path.
+                if p.conn.state ~= "closing" then
+                    p.conn.state = "writing"
+                end
+            else
+                -- Yielded again — re-park.
+                local wake_at = (type(ryield) == "table" and ryield.wake_at) or 0
+                self._pending_handlers[#self._pending_handlers + 1] = {
+                    co = p.co, conn = p.conn, wake_at = wake_at,
+                }
+            end
+        else
+            i = i + 1
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+-- Returns the earliest pending wake_at as an offset from now, or nil if
+-- no handlers are parked. Used to tighten the select() timeout so the
+-- scheduler wakes on the right beat.
+local function _next_pending_delay(self)
+    if not self._pending_handlers[1] then return nil end
+    local socket = require("socket")
+    local now = socket.gettime()
+    local earliest = math.huge
+    for _, p in ipairs(self._pending_handlers) do
+        if p.wake_at < earliest then earliest = p.wake_at end
+    end
+    local d = earliest - now
+    if d < 0 then return 0 end
+    return d
+end
+
 -- ---- Public: server-initiated request (for sampling/roots/etc.) ----
 -- Enqueues a JSON-RPC request on the session's SSE stream. The callback
 -- fires when the client POSTs back the response (matched by id).
@@ -1322,7 +1596,14 @@ function lmcp:run()
             end
         end
 
-        local ready_r, ready_w = socket.select(reads, writes, SELECT_TIMEOUT)
+        -- Tighten select timeout if a parked handler is due sooner.
+        -- Otherwise a 100ms tick adds 100ms latency to short shell-tool runs.
+        local select_timeout = SELECT_TIMEOUT
+        local next_pend = _next_pending_delay(self)
+        if next_pend and next_pend < select_timeout then
+            select_timeout = next_pend
+        end
+        local ready_r, ready_w = socket.select(reads, writes, select_timeout)
 
         for _, sock in ipairs(ready_r or {}) do
             if sock == server_sock then
@@ -1365,9 +1646,11 @@ function lmcp:run()
         -- Per-tick maintenance.
         _drain_notifications(self)
         _heartbeat_tick(self)
+        _scheduler_tick(self)  -- issue #20: resume due dispatch coroutines
 
         -- After draining, attempt immediate writes on conns whose write_buf
-        -- just got bytes (so list_changed / heartbeat appears within one tick).
+        -- just got bytes (so list_changed / heartbeat / async-completed
+        -- responses appear within one tick).
         for sock, conn in pairs(self._conns) do
             if conn.write_buf ~= "" and conn.state ~= "closing" then
                 pcall(_conn_write, conn)

server.lua

@@ -35,7 +35,51 @@ local function tmpname()
     end
 end
 
+-- Lazy-required luasocket — only needed in the coroutine path for
+-- gettime(). Avoids forcing luasocket as a hard dep at server.lua
+-- load time (callers like example_server already require it via lmcp).
+local _socket = nil
+local function gettime()
+    if not _socket then _socket = require("socket") end
+    return _socket.gettime()
+end
+
+-- Lazy access to the lmcp module for cross-module ctx lookup (issue #11).
+-- server.lua doesn't statically require lmcp (it's an example/runtime
+-- server, not the library); but lmcp must already be loaded when we run.
+-- Defensive: if the lookup fails for any reason, current_ctx returns nil
+-- and run() falls back to non-cancellable behaviour.
+local _lmcp_mod = nil
+local function current_ctx()
+    if _lmcp_mod == false then return nil end
+    if _lmcp_mod == nil then
+        local ok, mod = pcall(require, "lmcp")
+        _lmcp_mod = ok and mod or false
+        if _lmcp_mod == false then return nil end
+    end
+    return _lmcp_mod.current_ctx and _lmcp_mod.current_ctx() or nil
+end
+
+-- in_coroutine() — true if we're running inside an lmcp dispatch
+-- coroutine (issue #20). Handles both Lua 5.4 (coroutine.running →
+-- (co, isMain)) and LuaJIT 5.1 (coroutine.running → nil on main).
+local function in_coroutine()
+    local co, is_main = coroutine.running()
+    if co == nil then return false end       -- 5.1 / LuaJIT main
+    if is_main then return false end          -- 5.4 main thread
+    return true
+end
+
 local function sleep_ms(ms)
+    -- Coroutine-aware: yield with a wake deadline instead of busy-blocking.
+    -- The lmcp event loop services I/O for other connections while this
+    -- coroutine sleeps, then resumes it once the deadline elapses.
+    -- (Issue #20: gives concurrent tool dispatch without changing handler
+    -- source code — tools that go through run() get it for free.)
+    if in_coroutine() then
+        coroutine.yield({ wake_at = gettime() + (ms / 1000) })
+        return
+    end
     if WINDOWS then
         -- ping loopback: ~1s per -n count. For sub-second, use busy-wait.
         if ms < 500 then
@@ -78,6 +122,35 @@ local function run(cmd, timeout_sec)
     local out_file = base .. ".out"
     local done_file = base .. ".done"
 
+    -- Wall-clock deadline rather than an accumulated interval-counter:
+    -- when we're inside a dispatch coroutine (issue #20), the scheduler
+    -- may delay our resume by more than `interval`, so an accumulator
+    -- diverges from real elapsed. gettime() comparison stays honest in
+    -- both busy-poll and yield-resume modes.
+    --
+    -- Auto-cancellation (issue #11): if a ctx is available on the
+    -- running coroutine AND it has been cancelled, exit the polling
+    -- loop early. The interval is capped at 500ms when a ctx is
+    -- present so worst-case cancel latency is ~0.5s, not ~2s.
+    local started = gettime()
+    local cancelled = false
+    local function poll_loop()
+        local interval = WINDOWS and 100 or 50  -- ms
+        while gettime() - started < timeout_sec do
+            if file_exists(done_file) then return true end
+            local ctx = current_ctx()
+            if ctx and ctx.cancelled and ctx.cancelled() then
+                cancelled = true
+                return false
+            end
+            sleep_ms(interval)
+            if interval < 2000 then interval = math.floor(interval * 1.5) end
+            -- When cancellable, cap so we can respond to cancel quickly.
+            if ctx and interval > 500 then interval = 500 end
+        end
+        return false
+    end
+
     if WINDOWS then
         -- Write a batch wrapper that runs the command and signals completion
         local bat_file = base .. ".bat"
@@ -89,22 +162,14 @@ local function run(cmd, timeout_sec)
         bf:close()
         os.execute('start /B cmd /C "' .. bat_file .. '"')
 
-        -- Poll for sentinel
-        local elapsed = 0
-        local interval = 100  -- ms
-        while elapsed < timeout_sec * 1000 do
-            if file_exists(done_file) then break end
-            sleep_ms(interval)
-            elapsed = elapsed + interval
-            if interval < 2000 then interval = math.floor(interval * 1.5) end
-        end
-
+        local completed = poll_loop()
         local output = read_file(out_file)
         remove_silent(bat_file)
         remove_silent(out_file)
         remove_silent(done_file)
 
-        if elapsed >= timeout_sec * 1000 then
+        if not completed then
+            if cancelled then return "(cancelled)" end
             return output or ("Error: command timed out after " .. timeout_sec .. "s")
         end
         return output and output ~= "" and output or "(no output)"
@@ -117,20 +182,13 @@ local function run(cmd, timeout_sec)
         )
         os.execute("sh -c '" .. sh_cmd:gsub("'", "'\\''") .. "' &")
 
-        local elapsed = 0
-        local interval = 50  -- ms
-        while elapsed < timeout_sec * 1000 do
-            if file_exists(done_file) then break end
-            sleep_ms(interval)
-            elapsed = elapsed + interval
-            if interval < 2000 then interval = math.floor(interval * 1.5) end
-        end
-
+        local completed = poll_loop()
         local output = read_file(out_file)
         remove_silent(out_file)
         remove_silent(done_file)
 
-        if elapsed >= timeout_sec * 1000 then
+        if not completed then
+            if cancelled then return "(cancelled)" end
             return output or ("Error: command timed out after " .. timeout_sec .. "s")
         end
         return output and output ~= "" and output or "(no output)"

windows/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# lmcp Windows MSI build
+
+This directory contains the WiX manifest and packaging files for the
+Windows MSI build of lmcp.
+
+## Recommended: cross-build on Linux (one command)
+
+```sh
+./build-msi.sh /path/to/output/dir
+```
+
+Downloads Lua 5.4 Win64 binaries from LuaBinaries, cross-compiles
+LuaSocket via `mingw-w64`, stages `pkg/lua/`, and runs `wixl` to
+produce `lmcp-<version>.msi`. No Windows VM required.
+
+Prereqs on a Debian/Ubuntu builder:
+```sh
+sudo apt install wixl unzip gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64 \
+                 binutils-mingw-w64-x86-64 mingw-w64-x86-64-dev curl
+```
+
+Version comes from `lmcp.wxs` `Version="…"`. Bump that before
+building a release.
+
+## Alternative: build on Windows via WiX toolset
+
+```cmd
+sync.sh                                  REM see "tracked vs. generated"
+REM ensure pkg/lua/ has the runtime — see below
+candle.exe lmcp.wxs
+light.exe lmcp.wixobj -o lmcp-1.x.y.msi
+```
+
+## What's tracked vs. generated
+
+- **Tracked** (edit in git):
+  - `lmcp.wxs` — WiX MSI manifest
+  - `sync.sh` — copies root .lua sources → `pkg/`
+  - `README.md` — this file
+  - `pkg/install_service.bat` — Windows service installer
+  - `pkg/start.bat` — manual launcher
+
+- **Generated / external** (gitignored):
+  - `pkg/lmcp.lua`, `pkg/server.lua`, `pkg/json.lua` — produced by
+    `sync.sh`. Never edit directly; edit the root files and re-sync.
+  - `pkg/lua/` — the Lua + LuaSocket runtime drop-in. Download
+    separately and place here. Suggested source: the lua-binaries
+    project (https://github.com/rjpcomputing/luaforwindows) or a
+    similar pre-built bundle. The MSI expects `pkg/lua/lua.exe`,
+    `pkg/lua/lua54.dll`, and the `pkg/lua/socket/` + `pkg/lua/mime/`
+    subdirectories per the manifest.
+
+## Issue history
+
+Issue #18 (closed in v1.1.0) introduced this workflow after the
+`pkg/` lua sources had silently drifted ~6 months out of date,
+missing every feature added since April 2026.

windows/build-msi.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# windows/build-msi.sh — produce lmcp-<ver>.msi on Linux via wixl.
+#
+# This is the first-time-discovered cross-build path: download Lua 5.4
+# Win64 binaries from LuaBinaries, cross-compile LuaSocket with mingw-w64,
+# stage windows/pkg/lua/, then invoke wixl on the WiX manifest.
+#
+# Avoids the VM106-clone + WiX-on-Windows path entirely. ~1 minute on a
+# warm cache; ~3-5 minutes cold (downloads ~700 KB + cross-compiles).
+#
+# Prereqs (apt install on Debian aarch64):
+#   apt-get install -y wixl unzip gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64 binutils-mingw-w64-x86-64 \
+#                      mingw-w64-x86-64-dev
+#
+# Usage: ./build-msi.sh [output_dir]
+#   Output: $output_dir/lmcp-<ver>.msi (default: $PWD)
+#
+# Version comes from windows/lmcp.wxs Version="…" attribute.
+set -eu
+
+here=$(dirname "$(readlink -f "$0")")
+root=$(cd "$here/.." && pwd)
+out_dir=${1:-$PWD}
+work=$(mktemp -d /tmp/lmcp-msi-XXXXXX)
+trap "rm -rf $work" EXIT
+
+# Versions — bump as upstream releases.
+LUA_VER=5.4.2
+LUASOCKET_VER=3.1.0
+
+# Pull current lmcp version from the WiX manifest.
+lmcp_ver=$(sed -n 's/.*Version="\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p' "$here/lmcp.wxs" | head -1)
+[ -n "$lmcp_ver" ] || { echo "build-msi.sh: cannot parse Version from lmcp.wxs" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+echo "build-msi.sh: lmcp $lmcp_ver, lua $LUA_VER, luasocket $LUASOCKET_VER"
+
+echo "==> 1/5 sync lmcp .lua sources into pkg/"
+"$here/sync.sh"
+
+echo "==> 2/5 fetch lua $LUA_VER win64 binaries + dev library"
+cd "$work"
+curl -sSLf -o lua-bin.zip \
+    "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/luabinaries/${LUA_VER}/Tools%20Executables/lua-${LUA_VER}_Win64_bin.zip"
+curl -sSLf -o lua-lib.zip \
+    "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/luabinaries/${LUA_VER}/Windows%20Libraries/Dynamic/lua-${LUA_VER}_Win64_dllw6_lib.zip"
+mkdir -p luabin lualib include/lua/54 include/lua54 bin/lua/54 bin/lua54 lib/lua/54 lib/lua54
+unzip -q -o lua-bin.zip -d luabin
+unzip -q -o lua-lib.zip -d lualib
+cp lualib/include/*.h include/lua/54/
+cp lualib/include/*.h include/lua54/
+cp lualib/liblua54.a lib/lua/54/
+cp lualib/liblua54.a lib/lua54/
+cp lualib/lua54.dll bin/lua/54/
+cp lualib/lua54.dll bin/lua54/
+
+echo "==> 3/5 cross-compile LuaSocket $LUASOCKET_VER for win64"
+curl -sSLf -o luasocket.tar.gz \
+    "https://github.com/lunarmodules/luasocket/archive/refs/tags/v${LUASOCKET_VER}.tar.gz"
+tar xzf luasocket.tar.gz
+cd "luasocket-${LUASOCKET_VER}"
+make -s PLAT=mingw \
+    CC=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc \
+    LD=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc \
+    LUAV=54 \
+    LUAINC_mingw_base="$work/include" \
+    LUALIB_mingw_base="$work/bin" \
+    > /dev/null
+
+echo "==> 4/5 stage pkg/lua/"
+pkg_lua="$here/pkg/lua"
+rm -rf "$pkg_lua"
+mkdir -p "$pkg_lua/socket" "$pkg_lua/mime"
+
+# WiX manifest expects "lua.exe" (not "lua54.exe").
+cp "$work/luabin/lua54.exe"        "$pkg_lua/lua.exe"
+cp "$work/luabin/lua54.dll"        "$pkg_lua/lua54.dll"
+cp src/socket.lua                  "$pkg_lua/"
+cp src/mime.lua                    "$pkg_lua/"
+cp src/ltn12.lua                   "$pkg_lua/"
+cp src/socket-3.0.0.dll            "$pkg_lua/socket/core.dll"
+cp src/ftp.lua                     "$pkg_lua/socket/"
+cp src/headers.lua                 "$pkg_lua/socket/"
+cp src/http.lua                    "$pkg_lua/socket/"
+cp src/smtp.lua                    "$pkg_lua/socket/"
+cp src/tp.lua                      "$pkg_lua/socket/"
+cp src/url.lua                     "$pkg_lua/socket/"
+cp src/mime-1.0.3.dll              "$pkg_lua/mime/core.dll"
+
+echo "==> 5/5 wixl: produce MSI"
+# wixl wants forward slashes; rewrite Windows-style backslashes in Source=.
+wxs_tmp="$work/lmcp.wxs"
+sed 's|Source="pkg\\|Source="pkg/|g; s|\\\([a-zA-Z]\)|/\1|g' "$here/lmcp.wxs" > "$wxs_tmp"
+mkdir -p "$out_dir"
+out_msi="$out_dir/lmcp-${lmcp_ver}.msi"
+(cd "$here" && wixl -v "$wxs_tmp" -o "$out_msi")
+
+echo ""
+echo "==> done: $out_msi"
+ls -la "$out_msi"
+sha256sum "$out_msi"

windows/lmcp.wxs

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Wix xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/2006/wi">
+  <!-- Bump Version on every release. See windows/README.md. -->
+  <Product Id="*"
+           Name="lmcp — Lua MCP Server"
+           Language="1033"
+           Version="1.1.0"
+           Manufacturer="QAP'LA Project"
+           UpgradeCode="A7F3E2D1-4B5C-6D7E-8F9A-0B1C2D3E4F5A">
+
+    <Package InstallerVersion="200"
+             Compressed="yes"
+             InstallScope="perMachine"
+             Description="Lightweight MCP server in Lua. 2MB RSS."
+             Comments="Zero-dependency MCP server." />
+
+    <MediaTemplate EmbedCab="yes" />
+
+    <MajorUpgrade DowngradeErrorMessage="A newer version is already installed." />
+
+    <Directory Id="TARGETDIR" Name="SourceDir">
+      <Directory Id="ProgramFiles64Folder">
+        <Directory Id="INSTALLFOLDER" Name="lmcp">
+          <Directory Id="LUA_DIR" Name="lua">
+            <Directory Id="SOCKET_DIR" Name="socket" />
+            <Directory Id="MIME_DIR" Name="mime" />
+          </Directory>
+        </Directory>
+      </Directory>
+    </Directory>
+
+    <!-- lmcp application files -->
+    <DirectoryRef Id="INSTALLFOLDER">
+      <Component Id="JsonLua" Guid="B1A2C3D4-E5F6-7890-ABCD-EF1234567890">
+        <File Id="json.lua" Source="pkg\json.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="LmcpLua" Guid="B1A2C3D4-E5F6-7890-ABCD-EF1234567891">
+        <File Id="lmcp.lua" Source="pkg\lmcp.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="ServerLua" Guid="B1A2C3D4-E5F6-7890-ABCD-EF1234567892">
+        <File Id="server.lua" Source="pkg\server.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="StartBat" Guid="B1A2C3D4-E5F6-7890-ABCD-EF1234567893">
+        <File Id="start.bat" Source="pkg\start.bat" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="InstallService" Guid="B1A2C3D4-E5F6-7890-ABCD-EF1234567894">
+        <File Id="install_service.bat" Source="pkg\install_service.bat" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+    </DirectoryRef>
+
+    <!-- Lua runtime -->
+    <DirectoryRef Id="LUA_DIR">
+      <Component Id="LuaExe" Guid="C2B3D4E5-F6A7-8901-BCDE-F12345678900">
+        <File Id="lua.exe" Source="pkg\lua\lua.exe" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="LuaDll" Guid="C2B3D4E5-F6A7-8901-BCDE-F12345678901">
+        <File Id="lua54.dll" Source="pkg\lua\lua54.dll" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="SocketLua" Guid="C2B3D4E5-F6A7-8901-BCDE-F12345678902">
+        <File Id="socket.lua" Source="pkg\lua\socket.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="MimeLua" Guid="C2B3D4E5-F6A7-8901-BCDE-F12345678903">
+        <File Id="mime.lua" Source="pkg\lua\mime.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="Ltn12Lua" Guid="C2B3D4E5-F6A7-8901-BCDE-F12345678904">
+        <File Id="ltn12.lua" Source="pkg\lua\ltn12.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+    </DirectoryRef>
+
+    <!-- LuaSocket native DLLs -->
+    <DirectoryRef Id="SOCKET_DIR">
+      <Component Id="SocketCoreDll" Guid="D3C4E5F6-A7B8-9012-CDEF-123456789010">
+        <File Id="socket_core.dll" Name="core.dll" Source="pkg\lua\socket\core.dll" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="SocketFtp" Guid="D3C4E5F6-A7B8-9012-CDEF-123456789011">
+        <File Id="ftp.lua" Source="pkg\lua\socket\ftp.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="SocketHeaders" Guid="D3C4E5F6-A7B8-9012-CDEF-123456789012">
+        <File Id="headers.lua" Source="pkg\lua\socket\headers.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="SocketHttp" Guid="D3C4E5F6-A7B8-9012-CDEF-123456789013">
+        <File Id="http.lua" Source="pkg\lua\socket\http.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="SocketTp" Guid="D3C4E5F6-A7B8-9012-CDEF-123456789014">
+        <File Id="tp.lua" Source="pkg\lua\socket\tp.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+      <Component Id="SocketUrl" Guid="D3C4E5F6-A7B8-9012-CDEF-123456789015">
+        <File Id="url.lua" Source="pkg\lua\socket\url.lua" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+    </DirectoryRef>
+
+    <DirectoryRef Id="MIME_DIR">
+      <Component Id="MimeCoreDll" Guid="E4D5F6A7-B8C9-0123-DEFA-234567890120">
+        <File Id="mime_core.dll" Name="core.dll" Source="pkg\lua\mime\core.dll" KeyPath="yes" />
+      </Component>
+    </DirectoryRef>
+
+    <Feature Id="MainFeature" Title="lmcp Server" Level="1">
+      <ComponentRef Id="JsonLua" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="LmcpLua" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="ServerLua" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="StartBat" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="InstallService" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="LuaExe" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="LuaDll" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="SocketLua" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="MimeLua" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="Ltn12Lua" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="SocketCoreDll" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="SocketFtp" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="SocketHeaders" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="SocketHttp" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="SocketTp" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="SocketUrl" />
+      <ComponentRef Id="MimeCoreDll" />
+    </Feature>
+
+  </Product>
+</Wix>

windows/pkg/install_service.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+@echo off
+REM Install lmcp as a Windows service using NSSM (Non-Sucking Service Manager)
+REM Download nssm from https://nssm.cc if not present
+
+if not exist "%~dp0nssm.exe" (
+    echo ERROR: nssm.exe not found in %~dp0
+    echo Download from https://nssm.cc and place nssm.exe here.
+    exit /b 1
+)
+
+set INSTALL_DIR=%~dp0
+set SERVICE_NAME=lmcp
+
+echo Installing lmcp as Windows service...
+%INSTALL_DIR%nssm.exe install %SERVICE_NAME% "%INSTALL_DIR%lua\lua.exe" "%INSTALL_DIR%server.lua"
+%INSTALL_DIR%nssm.exe set %SERVICE_NAME% AppDirectory "%INSTALL_DIR%"
+%INSTALL_DIR%nssm.exe set %SERVICE_NAME% AppEnvironmentExtra "LMCP_PORT=8080"
+%INSTALL_DIR%nssm.exe set %SERVICE_NAME% DisplayName "lmcp MCP Server"
+%INSTALL_DIR%nssm.exe set %SERVICE_NAME% Description "Lightweight MCP server in Lua"
+%INSTALL_DIR%nssm.exe set %SERVICE_NAME% Start SERVICE_AUTO_START
+%INSTALL_DIR%nssm.exe start %SERVICE_NAME%
+
+echo Done. Service '%SERVICE_NAME%' installed and started.
+echo Check: sc query %SERVICE_NAME%

windows/pkg/start.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+@echo off
+REM lmcp — Lua MCP Server
+REM Start the server on port 8080 (or LMCP_PORT if set)
+cd /d "%~dp0"
+if not defined LMCP_PORT set LMCP_PORT=8080
+echo Starting lmcp on port %LMCP_PORT%...
+lua\lua.exe server.lua

windows/sync.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# windows/sync.sh — refresh windows/pkg/ from root .lua sources (issue #18).
+#
+# Run BEFORE invoking the WiX build so the MSI bundles whatever is in
+# master. The .lua files in windows/pkg/ are regenerated on every run
+# and are gitignored — never edit them directly.
+#
+# Idempotent: re-running just re-copies. Safe to call from a Makefile,
+# a CI step, or by hand before `candle.exe + light.exe`.
+
+set -eu
+
+here=$(dirname "$(readlink -f "$0")")
+root=$(cd "$here/.." && pwd)
+
+for f in lmcp.lua server.lua json.lua; do
+    if [ ! -f "$root/$f" ]; then
+        echo "windows/sync.sh: missing source $root/$f" >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    cp "$root/$f" "$here/pkg/$f"
+    echo "  synced $f"
+done
+
+echo "windows/sync.sh: done — pkg/ matches root .lua at $(date +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S)"